Gas-engine valve-gear.



0. A. EN HOLM.

GAS ENGINE VALVE GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY26, 1912.

Lmg mfio Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

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' GAS ENGINE VALVE GEAR.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 26, I912.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

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GAS ENGINE VALVE GEAR.

APPLiCATlONJlLED JULY 26. 1912.

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GAS ENGINE VALVE GEAR- APPLICATION FILED JULY26. 1912.

Patented Aug. 10, 1915.

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new and usefulImprovements iii Gas-EnosoAR A. EN HOLM, OF NEW yoax, .Y

FLAS-ENGINE VALVE-GEAR;

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, OSCAR A. EN HonM, a

citizen of the United States, residing at 4 19 Vest One Hundred and- Sixty-third street,

in thecity and county of New York and State of New 'York, have nvented certain gine Valve-Gear, of whiclrthefollowing is a full, clear, and exact specification;

' This invention relates to gas'engine valve gear and reference to an improved slidevalve gear mechanism for either four '01. two-cycle gas engines, whereby an engine.

of either type can be more readily controlled than with puppet valves; and also to provide 1 a constructionof valve gear which can be .re-

-moved as a unit from the engine cylinder without disorganiiingthe entire machine;

According to the preferred form of the invention shown, I comblne'with a plurality of slide-valves an intermediate balancing plate, the slides being also provided with lubricating passages associated with the balancing passages andthe gas'ports, so that the two.slidesand-thebalancing plate can be mounted in a single detachable casing, thereby permitting the valves to be-interchangei chamber 311above the two slides 18, 19,-;32

able,.or readily removed incase-of accident.

A further feature of the invention resides in thejnieans for regulating and adjusting the timing of the valves so that the various intervals of the cycle can be varied by simpleadjustments, in order to adapt the enginefor 'variousakinds ofdu'ty.

c In the accompanying drawings Figures 1 and are sectional elevations of a two cycle engine embodying the invention, Figs. 3 to Gin'clusiveshow amodified form of the invention wherein the supply and ex-' haust valves are on opposite sides of the engine. Figs. 7 to 10, inclusive, are sec- 12 is a. cross section of one slide showing the balancing grooves; Fig. 13 is a detail detail of the other valve; and Fig. .16 is a" detail of the valve slide-chamben.

Specification of Letters Patent.

:PatentedQAug. 10, 1915;

Application filed July 26, 1912. Serial No. 711,613.

1 represents a'cyli-nder having a waterconnecting rod 6 operating cranks 7 on the.

main shaft 8, preferably contained in acrank case 9: The crank shaft 8 ca'rries a gear 10'which meshes With idler 11, driving a valve operating gear- 12 of the samediameter'as 10 and mounted on auxiliary shaft l 13. Carried by the'augciliary shaft13 are two eccentrics 14, 15,,setpreferably at about 160 apart. 1 The eccentrics are connected by straps 16, 17 with slide. valves 18, 19, the

straps being pivoted as shown at 20; The

slide 18 is provided with an elonga'ted5port L21, which opens and. closes-the cylinder port 22, and the slide 1-9jis'providedavithfan mlet I port 23 controlling stationaryinlet poitsQ l', 25 inlc'onjunction with the lcylin'der port22 and, the moving port 21. The slide 19 is alsoprovided with an exhaust port-26 Whichin conjunction with ,inoving port 21 andsta'-' 'tionary ports 27, 28 opens and'closescyli n--. d'er port :22forath'e exhaustof gas.

. 29- represents an oil chamber from whichleads a pipe 30 upwardly into. the small.

being a check valve, which prevents ;,ba ck-J Fig. 1' of the dra'wings shows'the' position of parts at ,the commencement of'the down stroke, the inlet through port-22 belng about to be closed by the upwardmovement of slide 18, while at the same timethe slide 19 is cutting ofi the inletat-stationary port 25 in moving downward. Dining-the downward, or Working stroke 19f iiiain piston- 5, the slide18 at first move upwajrdato its highest position, while slide 19 moves.

downward to its lowestposition: 'llh ese respective extremes of the slides notfb'eing Preferably, theslide 18 com:

multaneous. mences 'tomove down, sliglitlybefore the slide 19 commences 'to move up; depending upon the angle between the eccentrics let,

15. In practice, thes'lide 18 will commence: to move down when the'main crank j'some what before thequ'arter stroke. and the I haust port will be opened just at or after crank 7 passes the half stroke, by the down wardmovement of slide 18 so that port 21 connects ports 22 and 27, simultaneously with the upward movement of port 26 of 1 away from port i 2 and, the valve details of Figs. 11 to 16,- which latter will be fully described hereinslide '19 from belo ports 27, 28. The-ex; haust port is fully open before the main crank 7 reaches stroke and remains fully open on account of the length of ports 21 and 26 until crank 7 'is at approximately 5,- stroke, or slightly before. At the maximum lowest position of slide 18 the lower edge of port 21 is about even with the lower edge of stationary port 27. The exhaust port is fully closed Just beyond stroke of crank 7 by the apward movement of port 21 7, there being vsuilicient lap between stationary ports 27 and 25 to allow port 21 to be fully closed. The inlet opens as soon as port 21 crosses stationary ports '22 and 25 and moving port 23 moves downwardly across stationary ports'25 and 24.

. In the form shown in Figs. 1 and 2, it will to observed that the exhaust takes place through most of the upward stroke of the working piston leaving a very small residue of burned gas in the cylinder, which is negli gible, it being seen that the charge will be admitted to the cylinder under practically firing pressure and fired as soon as the inlet is closed by the upward movement of port 21 of-slide 18, which is at about stroke of crank 7. In carrying out this form of the invention, I propose to employ a compressor preferably driven by the engine for supplying thecharge.

In Figs. 3 to 6 inclusive, the invention is somewhat modified, in its application to a two cycle engine, these forms being shown diagrammatically, but being in detail construction similar to the form ofFigs. 1 and after. In Figs. 3 to 6, the inlet valve gear is shown on the right and the exhaust on the left there being on each side an auxiliary shaft 13, with eccentrics 14, 15, similar to those before described, it being understood that the angle between the eccentrics may be varied according to the particular dot of theengine r the character of fuel used .or the exact opening and closing of ports desired. Referring. first to the inlet valve gear, the eccentrics 14, 15, are connected by rods 35, 36 with slides 37, 38, pivoted as at 39, each of these slides 37, 38, having one port as 40, 41, which cotiperates with a fixed cylinder port 42, and a fixed intermediate port 14, and an external inlet port -15. The slides are lubricated by the same mechanism as bfore described, it not being illustrated in these figures. On the exhaust side are provided two slides 46, e7 operated by the exhaust eccentrics 14, 15 respectively, the slides being provided with elongated ports l8, -19, which coiiperate with a fixed cylinder port :30, a. fixedintermediate port 51 and an external exhaust port 52. In this form, Fig. 3 shows the inlet of 45, i1, 43, i0, 42, from a source of supply not shown. The inlet of gas commences before upper dead center, and continues until the upward movement of slide 87 and the downward movement of slide cut oil' the inlet, shortly after dead center, whereupon the charge is fired. It will be seen that in Fig. 4, the inlet has been cut off considerably before quarter stroke, Fig. 4- showing an intermediate portion of the working stroke. Fig.5 shows the position at half stroke with the exhaust open through ports charge through ports 50, i8, 51 19, 52, which continues to adjacent In Figs. 7 to 10, inclusive, is shown an example of my valve gear combined with a four cycle engine the parts being numbered similarly to Figs. 1 and 2, it being understood that the eccentric shaft 13 rotates at one-half the speed of the gear shaft 8 instead of at the same speed'as in Fig. 1. In this form, it will be observed that the ports 2- 25 and 28 are similar to the correspondingly numbered ports in Figs. 1 and 2 while port 55 differs in length from port 21, and port 56 is similar to 26, the slides 18 being provided in Figs. 7 to 10 with an additional port 58 not shown in Fig. 1. Port 57 is similar to port 26 in Fig. 1, but shorter. .By

the addition of one more port 58 to the.

slides 18 and 19, with somewhat diiferent spacing and half speed drive, it will be seen that my valve gear is readilyadapted from two cycle to four cycle operation, the

timing, of course, being properly changed move down, it being position, it being unnecessary to further describe the various valve positions, other than to say that by proper displacement of the'eccentrics and spacing of ports, accurate four cycle positions are readily obtained.

In carrying out my invention as shown in I the foregoing two cycle and four cycle forms, the slides are mounted and constructed as shown in Fig. 11, this being a horizontal section taken on the line 1111 in Fig.

7 side, adjacent the cylinder port-22, to receive valvesbox which is detachably, fastened to the cylinder by bolts 61. Finished to slide on the engine side of the cylindercasting is-the-slide 18, (see ig. 13), which is provided with interconnected balancing and,

lubricating grooves 62, 64, onits opposite -laces, shown in dotted lines inthesectioiied portion of slide 18 in Fig. 11.- The area of tliese'grooves is made substantially equal to the cylinder port area. The intermediate ports 25, 27,'are carriedv 'ina' separating plate 63, having Lubricating grooves inopposite sides which communicate by holes drilled" through. The plate-63 is fitted so that thejslide 18 will have a' siibstantially gas-tight fit between the side of, the casting and: the plate 63. The slid'e19 having'the ports 23, 26, is similarly fitted between the opposite side of the balancing plate 63 and the shoulders 56 of the box 60. If desired, the slide 19 canbeprovided with grooves similar to .the slide 18, but this is unnecessary ordinarily, since the slidelS cuts off the slide 19 from engine pressure during Ji'lOSi) of the cycle.

' a particular advantage of my improvement resides in the detachability'of the yalve-gear, rendering it much more accessible'lor inspection, repair or renewal. of parts, than valve gears now in common use, inasmuch as it is only necessary to remove the casing, disconnect the pivots QOvand remove the bolts, 61,- in order to remove thevalve gear as atcoinpletelun'it, which will in practice he made interchangeable so that repairs or substitutions can be quickly made. Moreover, the pumping action of the slides will be such that it can be readily adjusted so that only sufii'cient oil will be fed to thoroughly lubricate the slides without excess, it being apparent that any excess will either be blown outduring the exhaust or carried intot-he cylinder with the inlet, so that the valve gear willbe at all times readily lubricated and at the fsame time balanced against excessive friction due to gas pressure. Moreover, it will be seen that the oil will assist in preventing leakage ,of gas,

. over and above the machining of the parts,

Q 'iieutraliie'l'ioth.thrusts.

and that the pressure on one slide is not transn 1 1tted to theother slide, the ntermediateseparating plate acting to receive and A, further advantage oi the invention resides' in the d spos tion of the "valve gear outside theengine cylinder proper, so that the various parts are. notsubject'to excessively high temperatures of the gases, and can,.also be easily cooled by water-jackets without increasing the complexity of the en' By having the valves at some distances linn 'the cylinder, without ,ojectionably increasing the compression and dead space, they do not become ,heated to such an extent as to either deteriorate objectionably, or stick.

Various changes in the location and arrangement of parts and in proportions may be made without departing from the scope ofthe appendedclaims.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters latentis: r v

'1; A valve gear for a combustion engine comprising in combination with a cylinder having a port, a plurality of slides, one having a plurality of ports, an interposed sepaiating plate having port openings cooperating with the ports of said slides, and means for reciprocating said slides and means comprising additional passages in said slides for balancing against lateral pressure 2. The combination with a cylinder having a port, of a double ported casing carried by said cylinder and inclos'ing. said cylinder port, a fixed plate carried by said casingand said cylinder port, a ported slide at each n side of said stationary plate, and means for reciprocating said slides to alternately con- 'nect said cylinder port with said ported casing through the ports o f saidstationary plate; 3. In a combustion enginevalve gear, the ce nbination with a casing containing a pair of'portedslides, one subject to engine pressure and the other to external pressure, of

an interposed plate carried by saidcasing and having a gas port and balancing grooves, andbalancing grooves in said slides 60- operating with said grooves in said plate.

A.- A valve gear for a combustion engine, comprising a casing open on one side and having a'por-t in the opposite side, a ported plate carried by said casing between said' opposite sides, a slide between said open'side of s id casing and said plate, a second slide bet\. 0011 said plate and the port of said casing, means for attaching said casing to an eng1ne,- and means for-reciprocating said slides to control said ports.

5. A valve gear fora combustion engine, comprising acasing open on one side and having a port in the opposite side, aported plate carried by said casing between said oppositesides, a slide between .said open side of said casing and said'plate, a second slide between said plate and the port of said casing, means for attaching sai'd casing to an engine, an oil chamber above said slides,

and means whereby the movement of said;

slidespositively feeds oil to said' chamber and thence to said'sli'd'es, and means for re-' ciprocating said slides to control said ports. 6,. In a' combustionenginer the combination of a cylinder having av pert, a sliding valve having a poi ft and provlded with connected balancing grooves on both sides, the

'area of which are equal to the areas bf the cylinder port, and a fixed plate adapted to receive the engine. pressure through said halancing grooves.

7; A valve gear for a combusion engine comprising in combination with a cylinder having a port a plurality of slides, each having a port, an interposed. stationary .w I '15 In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

OSCAR A. EN H LMQ YVitnesses:

K. G. LE ARI), H. C. EGAN. 

